- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_D_100 (for 1.0° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Monthly Totals- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Ziese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo (2011): GPCC First Guess Product at 1.0°: Near Real-Time First Guess monthly Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges based on SYNOP Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_M_100- CreatorsZiese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst- Publication Year2011- SummaryThis is the GPCC First Guess Product of monthly global land-surface precipitation based on the station database (SYNOP) available via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) at the time of analysis (3 - 5 days after end of the analysis month). This product contains the monthly totals on a regular latitude/longitude grid with a spatial resolution of 1.0° x 1.0° latitude by longitude. Interpolation is made on the anomalies from the GPCC Climatology V2015 in the corresponding resolution (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/Clim_M_V2015_100). The temporal coverage of the dataset ranges from August 2004 until the most recent month for which GTS based SYNOP data is available, i.e. the previous month, 3-5 days after its completion.This GPCC product is recommended to be used when the timeliness of the precipitation information is of highest importance, e.g. for drought monitoring or watch purposes.- Temporal Coverage2004/08 - present expired month; updated monthly- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzipped ASCII formatsince 2013 also gzip compressed NetCDF wikipedia.org- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data ViewerClimate Data Operators CDO NOAA's Weather and Climate Toolkit - Metadata ISO 19115:2003/19139:2007- Datasize~ 70 KB (1.0 °) per gzip archive

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_025 (for 0.25° resolution)10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_050 (for 0.5° resolution)10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_100 (for 1.0° resolution)10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_250 (for 2.5° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Monthly Totals- CitationFor 0.25° grid resolution:Rustemeier Elke; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Schneider, Udo; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Climatology Version 2020 at 0.25°: Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation Climatology for Every Month and the Total Year from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historical Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_025For 0.5° grid resolution:Rustemeier Elke; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Schneider, Udo; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Climatology Version 2020 at 0.5°: Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation Climatology for Every Month and the Total Year from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historical Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_050For 1.0° grid resolution:Rustemeier Elke; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Schneider, Udo; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Climatology Version 2020 at 1.0°: Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation Climatology for Every Month and the Total Year from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historical Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_100For 2.5° grid resolution:Rustemeier Elke; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Schneider, Udo; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Climatology Version 2020 at 2.5°: Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation Climatology for Every Month and the Total Year from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historical Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2020_250- CreatorsRustemeier Elke; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Schneider, Udo; Ziese, Markus- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst- Publication Year2020- SummaryThe new Global Precipitation Climatology is focussing on the period 1951-2000 and consists of data from ca. 85,000 stations. The climatology comprises normals collected by WMO (CLINOs), delivered by the countries to GPCC or calculated from time-series of monthly data (with at least 10 complete years of data) available in our data base. In case that time series of sufficient length (more than 40 years) for the period 1951-2000 were not available from a specific station, then climatological normals have also been calculated for 30-year reference periods (i.e. 1931-1960, 1941-1970, 1951-1980, 1961-1990, 1971-2000, 1981-2010 or 1991-2020) with at least 20 years of data. If even this was not possible for a station, then normals have been calculated for shorter periods with at least 10 complete years of data.This climatology is available on a regular latitude/longitude grid with a spatial resolution of 0.25° x 0.25°, 0.5° x 0.5°, 1.0° x 1.0°, and 2.5° x 2.5°. This GPCC product has been developed as a background field, for superposition of an interpolated anomaly field according to the period of interest. All other GPCC products utilize the background fields of the GPCC Climatology to grid the monthly data at the corresponding resolution with the anomaly interpolation method.- Version2020- Temporal CoverageJanuary - December- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Format(s)gzip compressed NetCDF - ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO - Datasizemin. 200 KByte - max. 10 MByte per gzip archive

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/DI_M_100 (for 1.0° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Drought Index with averaging periods 1,3,6,9,12,24,48 months- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Ziese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo (2013): GPCC Drought Index Product (GPCC_DI) at 1.0° DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/DI_M_100- CreatorsZiese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)- Publication Year2013- SummaryThe Global Precipitation Climatology Centre drought index (GPCC_DI) is a combination of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI; McKee et al., 1993) in the DWD modification according to Pietzsch et al. (2011) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) according to Vicento-Serrano et al. (2009). The 'First Guess Product' DOI:10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_M_100 is used as precipitation input data. For the monthly mean temperature data NOAA's Climate Precdiction Center (CPC) Monthly Global Surface Air Temperature Data Set is utilized (Fan and van den Dool, 2008). The temperature data are applied to calculate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) according to Thornthwaite (1948). Parameters to calculate SPI and SPEI were referenced to 1961-1990. Due to the non-applicability of the gamma distribution for precipitation in arid regions the SPI can not be calculated there. On the other hand the PET can not be computed in cold regions applying the formula from Thornthwaite. Hence the GPCC_DI is calculated as the mean of the SPI and SPEI. If one of these indices can not be computed, the one available is used, yielding an almost global coverage of the GPCC_DI. The GPCC_DI is computed with averaging periods of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 months. The GPCC_DI has a spatial resolution of 1° latitude by longitude using gridded input data fields at the same resolution. To issue a monthly GPCC_DI product all seven averaging periods are compiled into one netCDF-file. The GPCC_DI is availabile for all months since January 2013.References:Fan et al., 2008, A global monthly land surface air temperature analysis for 1948 - present, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, p. D01103, DOI:10.1029/2007JD008470McKee et al., 1993, The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales, Eighth Conference on Applied ClimatologyPietzsch et al., 2011, A modified drought index for WMO RA VI, Adv. in Science and Research, Vol. 6, p. 275-279, DOI:10.5194/asr-6-275-2011Thornthwaite, 1948, An approach towards a rational classification of climate, Geographical Review, Vol. 38, p. 55-94Vicente-Serrano et al., 2009, A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, Journal of Climate, Vol. 23, p. 1696-1718, DOI:10.1175/2009JCLI2909.1- Temporal Coverage2013/01 - present expired month; updated monthly- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzip compressed NetCDF (1 file per month/year, all seven averaging periods are summarized in 7 variables per gridcell)- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO NOAA's Weather and Climate Toolkit - Metadata ISO 19115:2003/19139:2007- Datasize~ 250 KByte (1.0 °) per gzip file

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/ITD_M_V1_100- SubtitleGridded Monthly Precipitation Totals based on GHCN Monthly Totals interpolated by means of GPCC's modified SPHEREMAP- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Finger, Peter; Ziese, Markus; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Schneider, Udo; Becker, Andreas (2015): GPCC Interpolation Test Dataset (ITD) at 1.0° DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/ITD_M_V1_100- CreatorsFinger, Peter; Ziese, Markus; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Schneider, Udo; Becker, Andreas- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)- Publication Year2015- SummaryThe GPCC Interpolation Test Dataset (ITD) was created to provide "open" precipitation data for users to compare their interpolation results with the GPCC interpolation procedure. Depart from the operational interpolation of anomalies, monthly precipitation totals were interpolated, because the necessary long term means to compute the anomalies could not be provided. As described in Becker et al. (2013), the interpolation was done at a finer subgrid and subsequent area and land portion weighting. Only (aggregated) monthly precipitation totals from the GHCN dataset (e.g., Menne et al., 2012) were used as input data. These data are additionally quality controlled by GPCC and can be different to the original GHCN data. Station coordinates were extracted from the GPCC data base and can therefore differ from the original GHCN coordinates. Within this dataset, gridded monthly precipitation totals for 1988, as NetCDF archive, and the underlying station data, as ASCII file with longitude, latitude and precipitation total, are provided. This dataset is applicable for the comparison of interpolation schemes, but not for hydrological or climatological analyses!For hydrological and climatological investigations, the user is refered to this GPCC products (if several resolutions are available, the DOI for 1.0° is provided): Climatology (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/CLIM_M_V2015_100), Full Data Reanalysis (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_M_V7_100), Full Data Daily (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_D_V1_100 ), Monitoring Product (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V5_100), First Guess (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_M_100), First Guess Daily (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_D_100), and GPCC Drought Index (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/DI_M_100).References:Becker et al., 2013, A description of the global land-surface precipitation data products of the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre with sample applications including centennial (trend) analysis from 1901-present, Earth System Science Data, Vol. 5, p. 71-99, DOI:10.5194/essd-5-71-2013Menne et al., 2012, An overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily Database, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Vol. 29, p. 897-910, DOI:10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00103.1- Temporal Coverage1988/01 - 1988/12- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data FormatGridded fields: gzip compressed NetCDF archive (classic) wikipedia.orgStation data: gzip compressed ASCII files with three columns (longitude, latitude, precipitation total)(1 NetCDF archive and 12 ASCII files)- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data show listPanoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Panoply HomeClimate Data Operators CDO CDO HomeNOAA's Weather and Climate Toolkit WCT Home- Metadata ISO 19115:2003/19139:2007- Datasize~ 755 KB per gzip compressed NetCDF archive~ 165 KB per gzip compressed ASCII file

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/DI_M_V1.1_100 (for 1.0° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Drought Index with averaging periods 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 months; retrospective analysis- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Ziese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Schneider, Udo (2016): GPCC Drought Index Product (GPCC_DI) Version 1.1 at 1.0° DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/DI_M_V1.1_100- CreatorsZiese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Schneider, Udo- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)- Publication Year2016- SummaryThe Global Precipitation Climatology Centre drought index (GPCC_DI) is a combination of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI; McKee et al., 1993) with the DWD modification according to Pietzsch et al. (2011) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) according to Vicento-Serrano et al. (2009). The 'Full Data Monthly, Version 7' DOI:10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_M_V7_100 is used as precipitation input data. For the monthly mean temperature data NOAA's Climate Precdiction Center (CPC) Monthly Global Surface Air Temperature Data Set is utilized (Fan and van den Dool, 2008). The temperature data are applied to calculate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) according to Thornthwaite (1948). Parameters to calculate SPI and SPEI were referenced to 1952-2013. Due to the non-applicability of the gamma distribution for precipitation in arid regions the SPI can not be calculated there. On the other hand the PET can not be computed in cold regions applying the formula from Thornthwaite. Hence the GPCC_DI is calculated as the mean of the SPI and SPEI. If one of these indices can not be computed, the one available is used, yielding an almost global coverage of the GPCC_DI. The GPCC_DI is computed with aggregation periods of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 months. Each aggregation period is stored in a separate netCDF-file. The GPCC_DI has a spatial resolution of 1° latitude by longitude using gridded input data fields at the same resolution.References:Fan et al., 2008, A global monthly land surface air temperature analysis for 1948 - present, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, p. D01103, DOI:10.1029/2007JD008470McKee et al., 1993, The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales, Eighth Conference on Applied ClimatologyPietzsch et al., 2011, A modified drought index for WMO RA VI, Adv. in Science and Research, Vol. 6, p. 275-279, DOI:10.5194/asr-6-275-2011Thornthwaite, 1948, An approach towards a rational classification of climate, Geographical Review, Vol. 38, p. 55-94Vicente-Serrano et al., 2009, A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, Journal of Climate, Vol. 23, p. 1696-1718, DOI:10.1175/2009JCLI2909.1- Temporal Coverage1952/01 - 2013/12- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzip compressed NetCDF wikipedia.org(1 file per aggregation period)- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO NOAA's Weather and Climate Toolkit - Metadata ISO 19115:2003/19139:2007- Datasize~ 28.5 MByte per gzip file

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_D_V2020_100 (for 1.0° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Daily Totals- CitationZiese, Markus; Rauthe-Schöch, Armin; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Rustemeier, Elke; Schneider, Udo (2020): GPCC Full Data Daily Version 2020 at 1.0°: Daily Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges built on GTS-based and Historic Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_D_V2020_100- CreatorsZiese, Markus; Rauthe-Schöch, Armin; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Rustemeier, Elke; Schneider, Udo- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst- Publication Year2021- SummaryThis is the GPCC Full Data Daily Product Version 2020 of daily global land-surface precipitation totals based on precipitation data provided by national meteorological and hydrological services, regional and global data collections as well as WMO GTS-data. It is provided at a regular latitude/longitude grid with a spatial resolution of 1.0 x 1.0 degree and covers the time period from January 1982 to December 2019 (one year per file). Relative precipitation anomalies at the stations (daily totals divided by monthly total) are interpolated by means of a modified SPHEREMAP scheme (Becker et al., 2013 (10.5194/essd-5-71-2013); Schamm et al., 2014 (10.5194/essd-6-49-2014); Schneider et al., 2018) and then superimposed on the GPCC Full Data Monthly Version 2020 (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_M_V2020_100) monthly precipitation totals with climatological infilling .This GPCC product is recommended to be used when the daily precipitation information is of highest importance, e.g. for analyses of extreme events and related statistics at daily resolution.- Version2020- Temporal Coverage1982/01 - 2019/12- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzip compressed NetCDF - ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO - Datasizeapprox. 40 MB per gzip file

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_D_100 (for 1.0° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Daily Totals- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Schamm, Kirstin; Ziese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo (2013): GPCC First Guess Daily Product at 1.0°: Near Real-Time First Guess daily Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges based on SYNOP Data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_D_100- CreatorsZiese, Markus; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Meyer-Christoffer, Anja; Rudolf, Bruno; Schneider, Udo- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst- Publication Year2013- SummaryThis is the GPCC First Guess Daily Product of daily global land-surface precipitation based on the station database (SYNOP) available via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) at the time of analysis (3 - 5 days after end of the analysis month). This product contains the daily totals for a month on a regular latitude/longitude grid with a spatial resolution of 1.0° x 1.0° latitude by longitude.Interpolation is made for the daily relative quota of the monthly total, i.e., the daily total divided by the monthly total, the latter has the DOI:10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FG_M_100. The temporal coverage of the dataset ranges from January 2009 to the most recent month for which GTS based SYNOP data is available, i.e. the previous month, 3-5 days after its completion.This GPCC product is recommended to be used when the timeliness of the precipitation information is of highest importance, e.g. for drought monitoring or climate watch similar to the (monthly) GPCC First Guess Product. In addition the GPCC First Guess Daily product allows to globally study extreme events and ralated statistics at daily resolution.- Temporal Coverage2009/01 - present expired month; updated monthly- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzip compressed NetCDF (classic)wikipedia.org(1 file, all days of month, 4 variables per gridcell: daily precipitation p in mm/day, standard deviation sd in mm/day, kriging error ek in %, number of stations per grid s)- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO NOAA's Weather and Climate Toolkit - Metadata ISO 19115:2003/19139:2007- Datasize~ 3 MByte (1.0 °) per gzip file

- DOI for scientific and technical data10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_050/V002 (for 0.5° resolution)10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_100/V002 (for 1.0° resolution)10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_250/V002 (for 2.5° resolution)- SubtitleVersion 2- CitationFor 0.5° grid resolution:Schröder, Marc; Becker, Andreas; Dietzsch, Felix; Fennig, Karsten; Graw, Kathrin; Gutenstein, Marloes; Hollmann, Rainer; Niedorf, Anja; Ziese, Markus (2019): HOAPS/GPCC European daily precipitation data record with uncertainty estimates using satellite and gauge based observations at 0.5°For 1.0° grid resolution:Schröder, Marc; Becker, Andreas; Dietzsch, Felix; Fennig, Karsten; Graw, Kathrin; Gutenstein, Marloes; Hollmann, Rainer; Niedorf, Anja; Ziese, Markus (2019): HOAPS/GPCC global daily precipitation data record with uncertainty estimates using satellite and gauge based observations at 1.0°For 2.5° grid resolution:Schröder, Marc; Becker, Andreas; Dietzsch, Felix; Fennig, Karsten; Graw, Kathrin; Gutenstein, Marloes; Hollmann, Rainer; Niedorf, Anja; Ziese, Markus (2019): HOAPS/GPCC global daily precipitation data record with uncertainty estimates using satellite and gauge based observations at 2.5°- CreatorsSchröder, Marc; Becker, Andreas; Dietzsch, Felix; Fennig, Karsten; Graw, Kathrin; Gutenstein, Marloes; Hollmann, Rainer; Niedorf, Anja; Ziese, Markus- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, https://gpcc.dwd.de ) at Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD)- Publication Year2019- SummaryThis dataset contains global precipitation observations combined from satellite and rain gauge data over ocean and over land, respectively. It spans the years 1988-2015 and has a spatial resolution of 2.5°×2.5°, 1.0°×1.0°, and 0.5°×0.5° (Europe). Satellite observations are based on SSM/I Level 2 and SSMIS data of the HOAPS 4.0 dataset of CM SAF (DOI: 10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/HOAPS/V002 ). These data have been extended with observations from the AMSR-E and TMI microwave imager platform. The basic rain rate retrieval is based on a neuronal network approach. The retrieval excludes sea-ice covered regions. Uncertainty estimations are given as standard deviation of pixel values in one grid cell. Precipitation observations over land are included from the GPCC Full Data Daily Version 2018 product (DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/FD_D_V2018_100 ). Relative precipitation anomalies at the stations are interpolated by means of ordinary block kriging. For these data, uncertainty information is included as well. On coastal edges data gaps are interpolated. This dataset is recommended to be used for analyses of extreme events and related statistics at daily resolution as well as for verification and validation purposes of other precipitation products or climate models.This dataset is a successor of the HOAPS/GPCC global daily precipitation data record version 1 (10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_050/V001, 10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_100/V001, and 10.5676/DWD_CDC/HOGP_250/V001).This dataset has been created within the DAPAGLOCO project (Daily precipitation analysis for the validation of global medium-range climate predictions operationalized). The DAPAGLOCO project was part of the MiKlip project framework (Mittelfristige Klimaprognosen) and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF).- Temporal coverage1988/01/01-2015/12/31- Spatial coverageglobal: Latitude: -90.0 to +90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to +180.0Europe: Latitude: +30.0 to +80.0; Longitude: -30.0 to +65.0- Data formatNetCDF 4- Data size0.6 GB to 2.6 GB

The data include Southeast US rainfall index based on GPCC monthly precipitation and 30 CMIP5 model historical simulations (first realization). Each rainfall dataset, observed or model simulated, has been linearly detrended and applied with a 5-year low-pass filter. The Southeast US rainfall index is calculated as the area averaged values of 5-year low-pass filtered rainfall over land regions bounded by 25°-38°N and 266°-284°E. The unit here is mm/day.

- DOI for Scientific and Technical Data10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_100 (for 1.0° resolution)10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_250 (for 2.5° resolution)- SubtitleGlobally Gridded Monthly Totals- CitationFor 1.0° grid resolution:Schneider, Udo; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Rustemeier Elke; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Monitoring Product: Near Real-Time Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges based on SYNOP and CLIMAT data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_100; http://dx.doi.org/10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_100For 2.5° grid resolution:Schneider, Udo; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Rustemeier Elke; Ziese, Markus (2020): GPCC Monitoring Product: Near Real-Time Monthly Land-Surface Precipitation from Rain-Gauges based on SYNOP and CLIMAT data. DOI: 10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_250; http://dx.doi.org/10.5676/DWD_GPCC/MP_M_V2020_250- CreatorsSchneider, Udo; Becker, Andreas; Finger, Peter; Rustemeier Elke; Ziese, Markus- PublisherGlobal Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC, http://gpcc.dwd.de/) at Deutscher Wetterdienst- Publication Year2020- SummaryThis is the GPCC Monitoring Product of monthly global land-surface precipitation based on the station database (SYNOP, CLIMAT) available via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) at the time of analysis (2 months after end of an analysis month). This product contains the monthly totals on a regular latitude/longitude grid with a spatial resolution of 1.0° x 1.0° and 2.5° x 2.5°degrees. Interpolation is made on the anomalies from the GPCC Climatology V2018 in the corresponding resolutions (DOIs: http://dx.doi.org/10.5676/DWD_GPCC/Clim_M_V2020_100 and http://dx.doi.org/10.5676/DWD_GPCC/Clim_M_V2020_250). The temporal coverage of the dataset ranges from January 1982 until the month for which GTS data (SYNOP and CLIMAT) is available, i.e. 2 months after end of the analysis month due. The GPCC Monitoring Product is the in situ component to the satellite-gauge combined precipitation analyses of the Global Precipitation Climatology Product (GPCP) and the CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP). Moreover it supports regional climate monitoring and serves the land-surface complement to the Hamburg Ocean-Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite (HOAPS) data set.- Version2020- Temporal Coverage1982/01 - produced periodical; two months prior to present;prior versions are available at Monitoring Product Version 6 (https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/GPCC/html/gpcc_monitoring_v6_doi_download.html)- Spatial CoverageLatitude: -90.0 to 90.0; Longitude: -180.0 to 180.0- Data Formatgzip compressed NetCDF (1 file, 8 variables per gridcell: monthly precipitation p in mm/month, number of gauges per gridcell s, interpolation error (YAMAMOTO) per gridcell interpolation_error in mm/month, proportion of solid precipitation solid_p in %, proportion of liquid precipitation liquid_p in % , absolute sys. gauge error abs_gauge_err in mm/month , relative sys. gauge error rel_gauge_err in % , sys. gauge error correction factor (multiplier 1.0 - 3.0) corr_fac)- ToolsList of Software for Manipulating or Displaying NetCDF Data Panoply netCDF, HDF and GRIB Data Viewer Climate Data Operators CDO - Datasize~ 200 KByte (1.0 °) per gzip file